Instruments

 1.9.4      Instrumentations

A quantitative approach is adopted and a survey is chosen as the method of enquiry. First part is the respondents’ personal demographics which consist of 4 questions. Second part included 15 items which come from “the total quality management school” (West-Burnham,1992)as cited in (Yau, 2011) intended to study the perception of respondents toward school TQM and shown in appendix. The items of TQM are divided into four areas as clearly shown in table below:

Table 1.9.4.1: Areas of QM

Areas of QM	Items no. (part 2  questionnaire)
Values and duties (VD)	1, 2 and 5
Meeting pupils’ needs and staffs	8, 9, 10 and 14
System and team (ST)	3, 4 and 11
Resources and change (RC)	6, 7, 13 and 15

The last past of the questionnaire is the part C which consists of 17 questions. The questions investigated the level of commitment of the respondents in school. All questions from part C is adopted from Allen & Meyer (1997). All items in part B and part C of the questionnaire are assigned seven-point Likert-type scales. These items are anchored at (7) strongly disagree; (6) disagree; (5) a little bit disagree; (4) neither disagree nor agree; (3) a little bit agree; (2) agree; (1) strongly agree.